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THE LAST SERMON OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD ﷺ


This sermon was delivered on the Ninth Day of Dhul Hijjah, 10 AH in the 'Uranah valley of Mount Arafat' in Makkah. It was the occasion of annual rites of Hajj. It is also known as the Farewell Pilgrimage.  After praising and thanking Allah سبحانه و تعالى the Prophet Muhammad began with the words. "O People, lend me an attentive ear, for I know not whether after this year, I shall ever be amongst you again. Therefore listen to what I am saying to you very carefully and take these words to those who could not be present here today.

 

Table of Contents

 

Analysis of the farewell speech

The farewell speech contains the message for the entire Mankind.

 

Life and property is sacred

O People, just as you regard this month, this day, this city as Sacred, so regard the life and property of every Muslim as a sacred trust. Return the goods entrusted to you to their rightful owners. Hurt no one so that no one may hurt you.

 

Day of accountability

Remember that you will indeed meet your LORD, and that HE will indeed reckon your deeds.

 

Usury is forbidden

Allah سبحانه و تعالى has forbidden you to take usury (interest), therefore all interest obligation shall henceforth be waived. Your capital, however, is yours to keep. You will neither inflict nor suffer any inequity. Allah سبحانه و تعالى has Judged that there shall be no interest and that all the interest due to Abbas ibn 'Abd'al Muttalib (Prophet's uncle) shall henceforth be waived...


Warning against Devil

Beware of Satan, for the safety of your religion. He has lost all hope that he will ever be able to lead you astray in big things, so beware of following him in small things.


Rights of women

O People, it is true that you have certain rights with regard to your women, but they also have rights over you. Remember that you have taken them as your wives only under Allah's trust and with His permission. If they abide by your right then to them belongs the right to be fed and clothed in kindness. Do treat your women well and be kind to them for they are your partners and committed helpers. And it is your right that they do not make friends with any one of whom you do not approve, as well as never to be unchaste.

 

Pillars of Islam

O People, listen to me in earnest, worship Allah سبحانه و تعالى, say your five daily prayers (Salah), fast during the month of Ramadan, and give your wealth in Zakat. Perform Hajj if you can afford to.
 

Superiority by Taqwa (righteousness)

All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also a white has no superiority over black nor a black has any superiority over white except by piety and good action. Learn that every Muslim is a brother to every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute one brotherhood. Nothing shall be legitimate to a Muslim which belongs to a fellow Muslim unless it was given freely and willingly.

 

Justice and right path

Do not, therefore, do injustice to yourselves. Remember, one day you will appear before Allahسبحانه و تعالىand answer your deeds. So beware, do not stray from the path of righteousness after I am gone.


Religion and Prophethood is completed

O People, NO PROPHET OR APOSTLE WILL COME AFTER ME AND NO NEW FAITH WILL BE BORN.

 

Stick to Qur’an and Sunnah

Reason well, therefore, O People, and understand words which I convey to you. I leave behind me two things, the QURAN and my example, the SUNNAH and if you follow these you will never go astray.

 

Convey the teachings of Islam

All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again; and may the last ones understand my words better than those who listen to me directly. Be my witness, O ALLAH سبحانه و تعالى, that I have conveyed your message to your people.”

 

Conclusion

As part of this sermon, the prophet recited to them a revelation from Allah سبحانه و تعالى which he had just received, and which completed the Quran, for it was the last passage to be revealed:

This day the disbeliever's despair of prevailing against your religion, so fear them not, but fear Me [Allah]! This day have I perfected for you, your religion and fulfilled My favor unto you, and it hath been My good pleasure to choose Islam for you as your religion. Qur’an.Surah Maidah 5:3

 

The last sermon of the Prophet Muhammad is known as Khutbatul Wada'. It is mentioned in almost all books of Ahadith. Following Ahadith is mentioned in Sahih Al Bukhari Hadith No.1623, 1626, 6361, Sahih Muslim 98, Tirmidhi 1628, 2046, 2085 and Musnad Ahmad 19774.

 

References

http://www.beconvinced.com/archive/en/article.php?articleid=0039&catid=05&subcatname=A%20mercy%20To%20Mankind

 

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